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Showing posts with label fire protection. Show all posts
Showing posts with label fire protection. Show all posts

Fire Protection for UAM and eVTOL

 This week I will be in Bonita Springs, Florida attending the FSSA 40th Annual Forum. I will be giving a presentation on “Fire Protection for Emerging Aviation Technologies”. This presentation will define urban air mobility, outline where the technology is, clarify what the current state of fire protection for UAM and eVTOL is, and identify what fire protection innovations are needed, and how to be involved in setting the future fire protection direction for this technology. 


As a primer to this presentation and to fire protection for UAM, below is a collection of articles and resources related to fire protection for UAM and eVTOL.






This new aircraft technology will necessitate a change in how they are protected within their hangars. These articles outline the changes that will allow this within the 2022 edition of NFPA 409.



The key to getting ahead in this industry is to get involved and stay involved. Here are three organizations that are actively engaged in the future of fire protection for UAM.



Want to learn more about this technology and fire protection? Connect with me by using one of the options below.




Want to change the world? You might have to change a code or standard first. Learn how with this free guide, Affecting Change Through Codes and Standards.


Have questions, issues, or concerns? Schedule a free consultation with me.


Contact me through my website at, www.aaronj.org.


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NFPA 730 and CPTED


The National Fire Protection Association(NFPA) addresses more than just fire and electrical hazards. They also address security. Security is addressed in two primary documents, NFPA 730, Guide for Premises Security, and NFPA 731, Standard for the Installation of Premises Security Systems. Crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) and the practical application of CPTED principles are addressed in NFPA 730. Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design is the concept of crime prevention and neighborhood safety accomplished through natural elements and structural design. CPTED utilizes four strategies that contribute to “the proper design and effective use of the built environment that can lead to a reduction in the fear and incidence of crime and an improvement in the quality of life” within a community. The CPTED strategies are natural surveillance, natural access control,territorial reinforcement, and maintenance.

 

 

How is this addressed in NFPA 730?

Chapter 8 of NFPA 730 is entitled, “Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design”. It provides some general requirements for the application of CPTED principles and states that these principles should be applied when specifically referenced in the occupancy specific sections of the document.  This chapter, and the specific occupancy types, divide CPTED requirements into the following sections:

  • Crime and loss prevention

  • Human behavior

  • Lighting

  • Landscaping

  • Aesthetics


There are seven specific occupancy types and chapters that contain CPTED requirements and reference back to Chapter 8. 

  • Educational Facilities, Colleges, and Universities (Ch. 11)

  • Lodging (Ch. 14)

  • Multi-Dwelling Unit Buildings (Ch. 15)

  • Restaurants (Ch. 16)

  • Shopping Centers (Ch. 17)

  • Retail Establishments (Ch. 18)

  • Office Buildings (Ch. 19)


These chapters each contain a varied amount of CPTED guidance. Some just refer back to Chapter 8, others have more specific guidance. A common requirement in all is the requirements for adequate and effective lighting



CPTED for Educational Facilities

Human behavior, lighting, and landscape elements are addressed for CPTED in educational facilities, colleges, and universities. Human behavior can be addressed by having a code of conduct that clearly describes the expectations, regulations, and enforcement for infractions. 


Lighting should be adequate and clearly illuminate corridors, stairwells, and elevators. Lighting of exterior areas and parking lots is important, as well. 


Landscaping should be trimmed and well maintained. The CPTED “2’-6’ rule” for landscaping recommends that plants be no more than 2’ high and tree canopies to be no lower than 6’. Annex information in NFPA 730 allows plants to be 36” high and tree canopies trimmed up to 7’ high.



CPTED for Residential Buildings

There are two types of residential properties addressed in NFPA 730, lodging and multi-dwelling units. Lodging facilities are those properties that provide housing on a transient basis, such as hotels and resorts. Multi-dwelling units are buildings that contain more than three living units.


Priority for these occupancies is on crime and loss prevention and lighting. Crime and loss prevention starts with research and assessment of historical crime data in the area. From this research and data a plan can be implemented to prevent further occurrences on the property.  Another key component of crime and loss prevention is frequent and open interaction with law enforcement and the community.  


Lighting should be adequate and clearly illuminate corridors, stairwells, elevators, and access routes to common areas. Light switches in common areas should be tamper proof or controlled remotely.



CPTED for Restaurants

Crime and loss prevention, lighting, and aesthetics are essential components for crime prevention in restaurants. Crime and loss prevention can be accomplished by keeping as little cash as possible available and on hand. Though not traditional CPTED elements, NFPA 730 also recommends the use of electronic security applications such as safes, intrusion detection systems, and physical security devices.


Lighting must be adequate and efficient. The celebrated entrance and interior should be well lit. Also, the public parking lot and surrounding outside areas should be lit to prevent crime incidents outside of the establishment. 


Aesthetic components should not be installed in a way that would block visibility from the street to inside of the building. Signs, posters, and product displays should not obscure windows. 



CPTED for Retail

Crime prevention methods for shopping centers and retail environments are comprised of crime and loss prevention, lighting, landscaping, and aesthetics. Each of these components are similar to methods previously discussed for similar occupancy types. 


Crime and loss prevention can be accomplished by keeping as little cash as possible available and on hand, and through the use of electronic security applications such as safes, intrusion detection systems, and physical security devices. After hours, cash should be secured in a safe or vault.


Lighting must be adequate and efficient. The celebrated entrance and interior should be well lit. Also, the public parking lot and surrounding outside areas should be lit to prevent crime incidents outside of the establishment. 


Landscaping should be trimmed and well maintained. The CPTED “2’-6’ rule” for landscaping recommends that plants be no more than 2’ high and tree canopies to be no lower than 6’. Thorny bushes or briars, and thick patches of shrubbery can be used as an intrusion deterrent.


Aesthetic components should not be installed in a way that would block visibility from the street to inside of the building. Signs, posters, and product displays should not obscure windows. 



CPTED for Offices

The only recommendation for crime prevention for office buildings offered by NFPA 730 is lighting. Lighting must be adequate and efficient. Corridors, stairwells, and elevators should be well lighted. Lighting of exterior areas and parking lots is important, as well. 





Next Steps for a Secure Environment

When considering new facilities and premises protection CPTED principles should be vigorously applied. NFPA 730 states, “The best time to implement CPTED principles is during the planning stages of the construction project. With properly designed facilities, potential opportunities for crime can be eliminated. It is also during the planning stage that security systems and equipment are most cost effectively applied. CPTED can also be implemented in existing structures. An analysis using CPTED concepts can pinpoint complex as well as simple solutions that might have been overlooked.”

NFPA 730 does not provide conclusive or exhaustive CPTED guidance. Using the guidelines and annex information within the document does start architects, designers, and security professionals down the right path for premises protection, security, and life safety. 


For more information check out resources from The US CPTED Association.

For CPTED training and information contact Art Hushen at the National Institute of Crime Prevention.
For site assessments, plan reviews, or consulting you can schedule a free consultation with me.

 

Career Success in 2022



 
John Wooden said, "When opportunity comes, it's too late to prepare." In order to capitalize on the opportunities that present themselves in a rapidly changing career field, we must be prepared. When the promotional opportunity opens up, it is too late to start taking the classes, or obtaining the certifications, or volunteering for additional responsibilities. We must constantly be preparing ourselves today with the necessary skills and abilities to meet these future opportunities.

How prepared are you for the next opportunity, those opportunities that 2022 is sure to bring?  What is the last conference or presentation that you have been part of? When is the last time you have polished up your resume? Who are you following on social media platforms? Are you recognized as a leader in your field? What do you plan to achieve in the next twelve months?  Your honest reflection and responses to these questions should provide an idea of where you are and where you need to be in your professional development. 

If you knew that there was one magic key guaranteed to make you successful, would you want to take advantage of it? Motivational speaker and self-development teacher, Brian Tracy says, "Here is a rule that will guarantee your success - and possibly make you rich: Invest 3% of your income back into yourself."

Outside of company provided training, every person should be investing in their own professional development. The costs associated with books, classes, conferences, and certifications should be considered an investment, not an expense. The return on investment will be realized in a renewed level of motivation, fresh and new ideas, and an expanded network of professional relationships.

With the rise of online training, webinars, and zoom meetings it seems that there are more avenues of professional development that one could ever pursue. With so many options available it is easy to get trapped by "analysis paralysis" and end up doing nothing. However, by clearly defining your career goals, a pathway of professional development can be formed. Use the following steps to create your professional development action plan. 

1.  Assess where you currently are, and where you want to be.

What are your immediate and long term career goals? What are the things that you want to accomplish? What impact do you want to leave on your community, your organization, or within your industry?

2.  Determine what training is needed to achieve that goal.

Sometimes this guidance is already provided (i.e., job descriptions, requirements for promotions, internal training), other times guidance must be sought out or self-directed. It is a best practice to schedule a semi-annual meeting with your next level supervisor to discuss your near-term and long-term career goals and professional ambitions. These discussions should be viewed as an opportunity to receive insight into areas that you may need to improve upon, and guidance on the next steps needed to accomplish your career goals. Once you are clear on thi,s then you know what certifications and classes you may need, or what knowledge,skills, and abilities need to be obtained.

3. Read at least one book per year.

Statistics show that one out of four Americans will not read a single book in a year.  The most successful people are avid readers. Reading has been shown to increase focus, develop a more broad perspective, increase writing and speaking skills, and keep you mentally fresh, educated, and informed.  Select at least one book related to your career and professional goals, divide it up into easy to read sections, read one section per day to completion (i.e., ten pages a day for one month will allow you to finish reading a full 300 page book).

4.  Attend three conferences or professional development events.

These can be single day training classes, local or national conferences, or technical code/committee meetings.  If cost is a factor, search out local opportunities.  Alternatively, if you apply to be a presenter at many of these conferences, then the registration fee may be waived.

A plan for professional development and training is essential to success in any field. Do not wait for, or expect, someone else to pay for and invest in your professional development. Take responsibility for your own success, set goals, create a plan to achieve those goals, then follow your career road map. 



  

Hard Code Sections [How to Understand Them]


Have you ever been reading through the code and come to a section that you just can’t understand? One of those code sections that you read, read it again, think about it, then re-read it. Only to still not understand what it is saying? I’ve been in this spot more than once. So, how do you get past it? What are some steps to understanding what you are reading?

Here are the four steps to understanding hard code sections:

  1. Annex information. Is there an asterisk by the code section (for NFPA codes and standards)? If so, refer to the annex for this code reference or section. Additionally, reading the code section before and after the problem section can help by providing context. If these sections have annex information, then review that, as well. 

  2. Other editions. Refer to past editions and future editions of the same code section or language. Sometimes the same concept is stated or explained another way in other editions. Other editions may make the concept to be more clearly understood.

  3. Handbooks. Many codes have handbooks that are published by the code organization, or even outside publishers. Refer to the code section in the related handbook for potential commentary, explanation, or illustration, for clarity.

  4. Google search. Finally, do a Google search of key phrases from the code section, the code reference, or copy and paste the entire code section into the search bar. This may produce other resources such as articles, blog posts, social media comments, and other items that may provide clarity and direction for understanding.

How do you comprehend hard code sections? 


Being Chief: Leadership Principles for the ARFF Professional

 


Today, I announce the launch of my new book, Being Chief: Leadership Principles for the ARFF Professional. This is the first, and only, book dedicated to leadership for the aircraft rescue firefighter.


Why did I write this book?


As the leaders and the experienced in our profession age out, we are forever losing their wisdom and shared knowledge. Private industry realizes this and tries to capture that knowledge through, what is referred to as, “knowledge management”.


Knowledge management can be simply defined as, “the process of capturing, distributing, and effectively using knowledge.”  Knowledge management is taking advantage of what is known to maximize an organization’s value, or a department’s value to the community. Of knowledge, there are two types, explicit and implicit. Explicit knowledge is data, facts, and captured documentation. Implicit is the knowledge that exists in the heads of people and is only acquired over time through education and experience. This implicit knowledge becomes codified when it is shared through discussions or documentation.


Being Chief is a best effort to jump start a formal knowledge management process in the ARFF industry. For this book, interviews, surveys, and follow-up conversations were conducted from more than thirty ARFF chiefs and leaders. 


The book is divided into three parts:

Part 1: Leadership Lessons. Common themes, advice, lessons learned from these conversations are compiled and shared in this section.

Part 2: “In their own words…”. This section includes the full interview, survey responses, and personal stories from these leaders.

Part 3: Leading On. This section identifies mentors that have gone before, the value of mentoring, and provides recommended resources for leadership development.


  

What can you learn from reading this book?


There are many books on fire service leadership, and many more on leadership in general, however, this is the only book that focuses on leadership within the unique niche industry of the  aircraft rescue and firefighting environment.  


Being Chief will prepare the ARFF professional for a leadership role by enabling them to:

  • Know the most valuable traits an ARFF chief or leader must possess

  • Understand the five actions an ARFF leader must apply for maximum leadership impact

  • Hear directly from the voice of experience of those who have excelled in the industry

  • Prepare for a major aircraft incident response and post-incident effects


Being Chief
is a tool for the ambitious and forward-thinking ARFF professional. This is a tool to be used for gaining the knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to achieve their leadership goals. By reading and learning from the years of experience shared here, the gap to achieving a leadership mindset can be decreased.

Affecting Change Through Codes and Standards





There are currently more than 200 companies developing air taxis and electric vertical take-off and lift aircraft for the urban air mobility space. Robots pick, package, and ship our online orders. Specific to fire protection we have new revolutionary fire extinguisher designs, electronically activated fire sprinkler heads, artificial intelligence for fire and building codes and standards, fire protection systems that don’t require any type of agent, specialized tools to move the industry forward.  We are rapidly moving into a real future only seen in sci-fi movies, and closing in on a “Jetson’s like” existence. 

The innovative fire protection solutions for these emerging technologies will be driven by the codes and standards that regulate them.  As an innovative entrepreneur, manufacturer, or developer you understand your product and the unique problem that it solves. You know your fire protection solution is better than what already exists. Even though this is true, without a code or standard that permits the use and implementation of the solution, it will not be approved for use by local fire code officials, or the authority having jurisdiction (AHJ). This brief guide, Affecting Change Through Codes and Standards, will:

  • Provide an introduction to code making bodies
  • Outline the code development process
  • Reveal how to avoid a denied code change proposal
  • Demonstrate a plan for monitoring and tracking these codes and standards

Download your FREE copy here


Aviation Fire Prevention - is it time for an advanced credentialing program?



In the fire service, we have advanced certifications and credentialing for almost every niche within the industry. There is the beginning required certifications of, EMT and firefighter. Progressing on to advanced level training of paramedic or officer level certifications.  Then there is specialty training on truck operations, technical rescue, hazardous materials, and ARFF. Beyond these, at the highest levels there is credentialing through organizations such as the Center for Public Safety Excellence.  The world of aviation firefighting is no different. In this niche industry we have the basic ARFF certification, we have ARFF specific officer certifications, and specialty training programs. We have credentialing as an A.M.F. through the ARFFWG and AAAE.  The ARFF training and educational path is further clarified through the ARFF Professional Development Framework Manual.  

When it comes to the area of fire prevention, especially in aviation, there is no established path or further specialized training. The same requirements for a fire inspector for the municipal structural department is all that is required for the airport and ARFF department. However, the environment, challenges, hazards, systems, processes, and code applications can be very different. Fire prevention in the ARFF environment is a specialized field and should require an advanced (or additional) level of training to ensure basic competence and understanding of the hazards and code applications that will apply. 

I have created a draft program outline. The program is called the Aviation Fire Prevention Credentialing Program. What follows is a brief outline of the program. The complete program and proposed curriculum can be downloaded here.

The program is divided into two credentials -- Aviation Fire Inspector (AFI), and the Aviation Fire Prevention Officer (AFPO).  The point-of-entry for this program is certification (State/IFSAC/ICC/ProBoard) as a Fire Inspector I, Fire Inspector II, and three years of experience in fire prevention or ARFF.

The first level of credentialing is the Aviation Fire Inspector (AFI)

AFI credential program prerequisites:

  • Certified as Fire Inspector I/II (State/IFSAC/ICC/ProBoard)
  • Three years of experience in fire prevention or ARFF
The process for becoming a credentialed AFI is as follows:

  • Submit application
  • Application is reviewed and approved
  • Candidate must register for and attend the 24 hour ‘Aviation Fire Inspector Course’ 
  • Pass the class final exam with at least an 75%
  • Credential awarded
The next level of credentialing is the Aviation Fire Prevention Officer (AFPO) credential. This credential is designed for the highest ranking fire prevention official, with program management and leadership responsibilities.

AFPO credential program prerequisites:

  • Successful completion of AFI credential.
  • Minimum of Fire Officer 1 certification (Fire Officer 2 recommended)
  • Minimum of 5 years experience in ARFF and/or fire prevention.
The process for becoming a credentialed AFPO is as follows:

  • Submit application
  • Application is reviewed and approved
  • Completion of 24 hour ‘Aviation Fire Prevention Officer Course’ 
  • Pass the class final exam with at least an 75%
  • Completion and presentation of an applied research paper (management, case study, proposal, project)
  • Credential awarded
Download the full program and curriculum here.

What are your thoughts? Is it time for a credentialing program? Do you see a need for this type of training, credentialing process? I am looking for your feedback. Please comment below, or contact me directly at, thecodecoach@gmail.com.


www.AaronJ.org

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